Utilities for layout
For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content.
Changing display
Use our
display utilities
for responsively toggling common values of the
display property. Mix it with our grid system, content,
or components to show or hide them across specific viewports.
Flexbox options
Bootstrap is built with flexbox, but not every element’s
display has been changed to
display: flex as this would add many unnecessary
overrides and unexpectedly change key browser behaviors. Most of
our components are
built with flexbox enabled.
Should you need to add display: flex to an element, do
so with .d-flex or one of the responsive variants
(e.g., .d-sm-flex). You’ll need this class or
display value to allow the use of our extra
flexbox utilities for
sizing, alignment, spacing, and more.
Margin and padding
Use the margin and padding
spacing utilities
to control how elements and components are spaced and sized.
Bootstrap includes a six-level scale for spacing utilities, based on
a 1rem value default $spacer variable.
Choose values for all viewports (e.g., .me-3 for
margin-right: 1rem in LTR), or pick responsive variants
to target specific viewports (e.g., .me-md-3 for
margin-right: 1rem —in LTR— starting at the
md breakpoint).
Toggle visibility
When toggling display isn’t needed, you can
toggle the visibility of an element with our
visibility utilities. Invisible elements will still affect the layout of the page, but
are visually hidden from visitors.